A Study on the Recognition of Korean Traditional Snacks of Parents and Teachers at Children’s Foodservice Facilities in Daejeon, Chungnam and Sejong

The purpose of this study was to increase the utilization of traditional snacks in the Daejeon, Chungnam and Sejong regions by investigating the awareness of traditional snacks by parents and teachers of Children’s foodservice facilities. The survey method was a self-monitored survey, and 576 people (298 parents, 278 teachers) were used for statistical analyses. 66.4% of parents believed that the snacks provided at facilities are nutritious, and that traditional snacks are rich in nutrition but difficult to cook (66.1%). Further, 77% of parents preferred traditional snacks, and 92% thought that traditional snacks should be passed on to future generations and continuously developed. Increasing the number of stores selling traditional snacks (41%) and a generalized awareness of traditional snacks (34%) are needed to expand the use consumption of traditional snacks. For teachers of Children’s foodservice facilities, 92.8% said that the number of snacks provided per day was twice, and snacks were made and served more than twice a week (77.7%). The reasons for not making these traditional snacksit more often were the long cooking time (47.1%) and lack of labor (20.5%). There were no differences in the perceptions of traditional snacks among the types of children’s foodservice facilities, but the private and public facilities showed a higher usage demand than the family type foodservice facilities for of traditional snack-focused food education programs. In order to increase the utilization of traditional snacks, it is necessary to create programs according to the facility types and to develop traditional snacks to meet the needs of consumers. The results of this study are expected to be used as basic data for the development of instructions and programs for increasing the consumption of traditional snacks at children’s foodservice facilities.

Propofol Infusion Associated Metabolic Acidosis in Patients Undergoing Neurosurgical Anesthesia: A Retrospective Study

OBJECTIVE: Propofol and volatile anesthesia have been associated with metabolic acidosis induced by increased lactate. This study was designed to evaluate changes in pH, base excess (BE), and lactate in response to different anesthetic agents and to characterize propofol infusion-associated lactic acidosis. METHODS: The medical records of patients undergoing neurosurgical anesthesia between January 2005 and September 2012 were examined. Patients were divided into 2 groups : those who received propofol (total intravenous anesthesia, TIVA) and those who received sevoflurane (balanced inhalation anesthesia, BIA) anesthesia. Propensity analysis was performed (1 : 1 match, n=47), and the characteristics of the patients who developed severe acidosis were recorded. RESULTS: In the matched TIVA and BIA groups, the incidence of metabolic acidosis (11% vs. 13%, p=1) and base excess (p>0.05) were similar. All patients in the TIVA group who developed severe acidosis did so within 4 hours of the initiation of propofol infusion, and these patients improved when propofol was discontinued. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of metabolic acidosis was similar during neurosurgical anesthesia with propofol or sevoflurane. In addition, severe acidosis associated with propofol infusion appears to be reversible when propofol is discontinued.

The Importance-Satisfaction Study of Hospital Foodservice Encounters at the Elderly Health-Care Facilities

Institutional care is often necessary for the health and well-being of the elderly. Good quality foodservice provided at long-term care facilities not only includes patients satisfaction but also cares for good health, contributing to the stability of foodservice management. The purpose of this study was to assess the importance and satisfaction attributes of foodservice management by hospitalized elderly patients. The data were collected via questionnaire by a one-to-one interview with 194 hospitalized elderly patients in six different hospitals. According to the results of dependent t-tests, overall mean scores for the importance attributes (3.96) and satisfactory attributes (3.83) were significantly different (p<0.001). As indicated by the patients, the recognized importance attributes were the kindness of foodservice personnel (4.19), kind smiles by foodservice personnel (4.16), and kind speaking by foodservice personnel (4.12). The most recognized satisfaction attributes were kindness of foodservice personnel (4.36), bedside meal service by foodservice personnel (4.25), kind speaking by foodservice personnel (4.24), kind smiles by foodservice personnel (4.24), and sanitary uniforms worn by foodservice personnel (4.21). These results suggest that the above encounter attributes (importance-satisfaction) would be useful tools for hospital foodservices to adopt, in order to control foodservice quality and satisfy the nutritional needs of elderly patients.

The Study of Self-Evaluated Employee Satisfaction Comparing Contract Foodservice and Independent Foodservice

The study estimated employee satisfaction to apply TQM system to hospital foodservice management. A survey was mailed to foodservice employees of five general hospitals with more than 300 beds, three of them were independent and two of them were contract foodservice management. A total of 129 questionnaires were returned and analyzed for statistical analysis. Statistical analysis was completed using SPSS for chi-square test, t-test and Pearson's correlation. The results of this study showed that employees of contract foodservice presented higher scores than independent foodservice in interests, affection, importance of works. And achievement of work was significantly different between contract and independent foodservice employees (p < 0.05). The satisfaction of payment adequacy was lower for contract foodservice employees (p < 0.05). The employees of both contract and independent foodservice were satisfied with attitude of foodservice managers toward employee. Attitude scores of foodservice employees toward co-worker were higher in independent foodservice. Employees of independent foodservice showed higher scores for the attitude toward institution represented satisfaction.

Elementary, Middle and High School Teachers' Opinions of School Foodservice Programs

This study investigated elementary, middle, and high school teachers' satisfaction, nutrition education, workload changes, and demands in school foodservice programs (SFPs). The subjects were 630 teachers at 12 elementary, 9 middle, and 9 high school within the nation. Ninety five percent of the teachers felt that there was a necessity for SFPs. Middle school teachers (MTs) and high school teachers (HTs) thought that it was necessary in order to reduce the students'burden of carrying lunch boxes. The teachers were relatively satisfied with their school's foodservice management types, food distribution types, meal quality, and sanitation. Elementary teachers (ETs) and HTs had a higher satisfaction than MTs. Teachers thought that SFPs had positive effects on their students' nutrition and health, enhancing desirable eating habits, and socialization. ETs had more positive opinions than MTs or HTs. ETs and MTs thought that their workload had been increased by SFPs more than HTs, but they had relatively positive opinions on the workload change. ETs taught nutrition and health through SFPs more frequently than MTs or HTs. Many teachers thought that there was a lack of appropriate teaching materials. Some teachers thought that the problems in the present SFPs were: a lack of cafeteria facilities, poor quality of meals, and management of leftovers. Their demands for SFPs were a improvement of meal quality and the establishment of cafeterias. In conclusion, MTs had more negative opinions than ETs or HTs. ETs perceived that SFPs had a function as an important educational activity as well as the supply of nutritional meals. MTs or HTs tended to consider only a meal. It is suggested that teachers, especially MTs and HTs, should modify their attitudes and recognize the educational functions of SFPs. Training programs should be developed under government auspices.

Comparisons of Student Satisfaction with the School Food Service Programs in Middle and High Schools by Food Service Management Types

This study on satisfaction with school food service (FS) programs was conducted with 485 middle school students and 515 high school students based on FS management type. There were four types of FS management: independent-conventional (IC), independent-commissary (ICM), contract-conventional (CC), and contract-delivery (CD). About seventy percent of the students expressed satisfaction with the food quantity of the school lunches. But one third of the students, who felt the quantity was insufficient, cited the small size of the rice serving. Many high school students cited the small size of the side dishes as well as the rice serving. It is suggested that the meal quantity should be determined in consideration of the students' physical development. The satisfaction with FS sanitation was lower than that with the meal quality, eating environment, and environment of dining room with respect to all four types of FS management, and was lowest in the CD. It is suggested that FS sanitation should be managed more thoroughly for the students' safety, and that the school FS Committee should carefully monitor the sanitary management of the contract FS companies by means of a well-designed and monitored management system. Most of middle and high school students expected good taste and a diversity of foods in their school lunches. Food taste should be improved, and various food materials and cooking methods should be used for balanced nutrition and greater student satisfaction, particularly in contract FS types (CC and CD).